What are surface action groups?

Surface action groups are specifically defined as small formations of surface ships organized to carry out particular missions, often in a tactical context. These groups are versatile and can include various types of vessels, such as destroyers and frigates, that are grouped together to either engage enemy forces, provide naval support to ground operations, or protect maritime interests.

The uniqueness of a surface action group lies in its size and purpose. It is not a large fleet focused on global trade, which involves much broader and varied missions typically aimed at ensuring the movement of goods and maintaining commerce routes. Additionally, the concept of a surface action group excludes submarines, as these vessels operate in a different realm, focusing on stealth and underwater tactics rather than surface engagements. Aircraft squadrons, while they may support naval operations, are airborne and do not fall within the category of surface action groups, which are composed solely of surface vessels engaging in direct naval combat or support roles on the water.

Thus, recognizing surface action groups as small formations specifically designed for targeted operations encapsulates their strategic role within maritime warfare.