What is the distance defining the exclusive economic zone?

The exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is defined as an area extending 200 nautical miles from the baseline of a coastal state. Within this zone, the coastal nation has special rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources, including fish stocks, oil, and gas, as well as the authority to regulate economic activities. This designation is recognized under international law, specifically the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

This 200 nautical mile limit allows coastal states to exploit resources found in the waters above the seabed and in the seabed itself. It is important to note that while coastal states have sovereignty over the resources within their EEZ, the freedom of navigation for other states remains intact, meaning ships from other nations can pass through as per established international maritime laws.

The options representing shorter or longer distances, such as 150 nm, 250 nm, and 300 nm, do not accurately reflect the legal framework established for exclusive economic zones and, therefore, do not represent the correct understanding of EEZ dimensions under international law.