What type of submarine is classified as SSBN?

A submarine classified as SSBN is specifically designed to carry and launch ballistic missiles. The designation "SSBN" stands for "Ship, Submersible, Ballistic, Nuclear," which suggests that these submarines are both submersible and capable of launching ballistic missiles while being powered by nuclear reactors. This versatility makes them integral to a nation’s strategic deterrent forces, allowing for greater stealth and survivability in the nuclear triad.

In contrast to attack submarines that are designed primarily for engaging enemy ships and submarines, or guided missile submarines that specialize in precision strikes with cruise missiles, SSBNs have a distinct mission focused on nuclear deterrence. Research submarines, on the other hand, are employed for scientific exploration and data gathering, lacking the offensive capabilities and strategic role of an SSBN. This specialized function emphasizes the unique importance of the SSBN within maritime warfare strategy.