Which submarine type is known for its ability to launch guided missiles?

The correct choice refers to the SSGN, which stands for "Ship Submarine Guided Missile Nuclear." This type of submarine is specifically designed to launch guided missiles, including both cruise missiles and other precision strike weapons, making it a versatile platform for strategic and tactical missions.

SSGNs typically carry a payload of Tomahawk cruise missiles which can engage land and maritime targets with high precision, thus enhancing their operational flexibility in modern warfare. Their ability to engage in land-strike operations, while still maintaining a covert underwater posture, allows for a significant strategic advantage.

While SSNs (attack submarines) do possess some capability to launch missiles, their primary role is anti-submarine warfare and surface ship engagement rather than land attack. SSBNs (ballistic missile submarines) are primarily designed for strategic nuclear deterrence, carrying ballistic missiles rather than guided cruise missiles. The designation "Fleet Ballistic Submarine" specifically refers to submarines designed to deliver nuclear warheads from underwater positions, emphasizing a different operational focus than the SSGN.

Thus, the SSGN's specialized design and armament for missile launching clearly distinguish it as the correct answer for this question regarding the submarine type known for its ability to launch guided missiles.